The more similar two stimuli are, the more likely stimulus generalization will occur.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not enough information
• D. Both true and false

Answer: (A)

Stimulus generalization occurs when a response conditioned to one stimulus is elicited by similar stimuli. The more similar two stimuli are, the more likely the learned response will transfer to the other stimulus. This relationship is depicted by the generalization gradient: high similarity yields a strong response that tapers off as the differences increase. For example, if a dog is trained to salivate to a bell at a particular pitch, it will also respond to tones close in pitch, though the response weakens as the pitch diverges. Training can also make the organism more discriminating, reducing generalization when the goal is to treat the two stimuli as different. Thus, the statement is true.