Which option describes removing a specified amount from the learner's noncontingent reinforcer supply?

• A. Existing cache response cost
• B. Time-in
• C. Contingent observation
• D. Bonus response cost

Answer: (D)

The idea being tested is how punishment can be applied within a noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) framework by reducing the learner’s access to the reinforcer stream. A bonus response cost involves removing a specified amount from the noncontingent reinforcer supply after problem behavior, thereby lowering the overall reinforcement available and making misbehavior less favorable. This directly matches the description of taking away part of what’s being provided on the NCR schedule. Other terms don’t describe this action: sourcing from an “existing cache” implies tapping into a stored reinforcer rather than the ongoing noncontingent supply; time-in centers on remaining in the environment with access to reinforcement rather than reducing it; contingent observation involves watching others receive reinforcement instead of deducting from one’s own reinforcer supply.